Assumptions

What is included?

General assumptions: Generously filled bath. Water heated by solar energy.

Material

Material is included.

Production

Production is included.

Distribution

Distribution is included.

Use

Carbon footprint of water is negligible.

End of life

End of life is not included.

  Carbon Footprint (CO2e)

We focus on carbon footprint (CO2e), the decisive factor affecting climate change. However, other dimensions should be taken in account before taking decisions, e.g. the water, the waste and the land footprint as well as the ethical perspective. Click here to learn more about CO2e.

Sources

  1. Arrignton, D. (2014). Showers vs. baths: Which use less water? URL:https://www.sacbee.com/news/california/water-and-drought/article2591077.html

  2. Berners-Lee, M. (2011). How bad are bananas?: the carbon footprint of everything. Greystone Books. ISBN: 1553658329, 9781553658320

  3. Berners-Lee, M. (2010). What's the carbon footprint of ... using a mobile phone? URL: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/green-living-blog/2010/jun/09/carbon-footprint-mobile-phone

  4. Center for alternative technologies (2020). Reducing water use. URL: https://www.cat.org.uk/info-resources/free-information-service/water-and-sanitation/reducing-water-use/

  5. Callard, S. (2007). Is it worth it? Taking a shower instead of a bath. The Telegraph. URL: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3665710/Is-it-worth-it-Taking-a-shower-instead-of-a-bath.html

  6. Hamamoto, M. (2013). Energy-saving behavior and marginal abatement cost for household CO2 emissions. Energy policy, 63, 809-813.