Assumptions

What is included?

General assumptions: Including electricity production and distribution.

Material

Material is included.

Production

Incl. electricity production.

Distribution

Incl. electricity distribution.

Use

Use is included.

End of life

  Carbon Footprint (CO2e)

We focus on carbon footprint (CO2e), the decisive factor affecting climate change. However, other dimensions should be taken in account before taking decisions, e.g. the water, the waste and the land footprint as well as the ethical perspective. Click here to learn more about CO2e.

Sources

  1. EEA. (2019). Monitoring of CO2 emissions from passenger cars - Regulation (EC) No 443/2009. Retrieved April 10, 2019, from https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/co2-carsemission-38

  2. ACEA. (2019). WLTP Facts. Retrieved from https://wltpfacts.eu/

  3. EEA. (2019). Monitoring of CO2 emissions from passenger cars - Regulation (EC) No 443/2009. Retrieved April 10, 2019, from https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/co2-carsemission-39

  4. Hill, N., Karagianni, E., Jones, L., MacCarthy, J., Bonifazi, E., Hinton, S., Walker, C., and Harris, B. (2019). Department for Business Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS). 2019 Government Greenhouse Gas Conversion Factors For For Company Reporting. Methodology Paper for Emission Factors. - Final Report. URL: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/829336/2019_Green-house-gas-reporting-methodology.pdf

  5. Hill, N., Karagianni, E., Jones, L., MacCarthy, J., Bonifazi, E., Hinton, S., Walker, C., and Harris, B. (2019). 2019 GOVERNMENT GREENHOUSE GAS CONVERSION FACTORS FOR COMPANY REPORTING Methodology Paper for Emission Factors Final Report. Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.

  6. ORR. (2019a). Estimates of passenger and freight energy consumption and carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions - Table 2.101 (p). Retrieved 2019, from Office of the Rail Regulator (ORR): https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/31212a97-cf7a42d5-9fe3-a134b5c08b6a

  7. ICCT. (2017). FROM LABORATORY TO ROAD: A 2017 update of official and 'real-world' fuel consumption and CO2 values for passenger cars in Europe. International Council for Clean Transportation. Retrieved April 10, 2019, from https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/Lab-to-road-2017_ICCTwhite%20paper_06112017_vF.pdf

  8. Exergia et al. (2014). Study on actual GHG data for diesel, petrol, kerosene and natural gas. A study by Exergia, E3 Modelling and COWI for the European Commission, DG ENER. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/Study%20on%20Actual%20GHG %20Data%20Oil%20Gas_Project%20Interim%20Report.pdf

Contributors

Sustainablity researchers making this input possible:

Avatar
Kathie
BA.Sc. Global Sustainable Development, University of Warwick